The reforms were initiated following a difficult period for Ofsted, after the death of headteacher Ruth Perry last year.
Ms Perry took her own life after her Reading primary school was downgraded from “outstanding” to “inadequate”, prompting criticism of the inspection system. But some – including Ms Perry’s sister – have criticised the new system.
The new reports will use a colour-coded, five-point grading scale, giving families more detail on areas such as attendance, behaviour, and inclusion.
Ofsted says the system will provide “greater nuance” than its previous one-word judgments. The grades will range from “urgent improvement” and “needs attention” up to “expected standard”, “strong standard”, and the top mark of “exceptional”.
Additional monitoring inspections will be carried out in schools and colleges that fall below the expected standard, with Ofsted insisting this will ensure action is taken quickly to raise performance.
In early years settings, inspections will take place every four years instead of every six, with a sharper focus on the quality of education and care.
Inspectors will also assess how well schools support children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), and those known to social care, with inclusion given its own grade.
Contextual factors will also contribute to the judgements that are made, including the number of children who are eligible for free school meals, and any other socio-economic factors which influence the outcomes for children.
To ease pressure on staff, an extra inspector will be added to school inspection teams.
His Majesty’s chief inspector, Sir Martyn Oliver, said the changes were designed to “reset relationships” with teachers while maintaining public confidence.
“Children deserve the best possible education; their parents deserve the best possible information, and education professionals deserve to have their work fairly assessed,” he said.
“Our new report cards will give parents a clearer understanding of the strengths and areas for improvement at the places where their children learn.
“We will work with professionals in schools, early years and further education to help them showcase the best of what they do and help them identify where they can improve.”
New system ‘makes things much worse’, says critic
But the new inspection framework has been criticised by some.
A coalition made up of school leaders, former inspectors, trade unions and Ms Perry’s sister, Professor Julia Waters, is calling for the government to delay the changes.
In an open letter, they said: “Today’s announcement is deeply disappointing and extremely worrying, as it is clear Ofsted have failed to learn the lessons from the death of headteacher Ruth Perry.
“The proven life-threatening risks associated with a grades-based schools accountability system, based on public shaming and the fear of high stakes consequences, have not changed.”
They are calling for the roll-out to be halted because of “continuing concerns about the reliability, accuracy, and consistency of inspection results” and “the dangerous, negative impact of a punitive, grades-based inspection system on the welfare of the workforce”.
Daniel Kebede, general secretary of the National Education Union, said: “Sir Martyn Oliver has failed. He was asked to bring in a system that reduced pressure.
“Removing the single word judgement was meant to be a powerful revolution, but this makes things much worse. More of the same. More pressure. More ranking and competition. More labels.”
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However, a YouGov survey commissioned by Ofsted found nearly seven in 10 parents preferred the new format to the current reports, while nine in 10 said they were easier to understand.
Jason Elsom, chief executive of Parentkind, the UK’s largest parent charity, said: “For the first time, parental engagement is given clear priority: no school will be able to achieve top marks unless it demonstrates that it has got this right. This is a significant step forward.”
